My observation is that most recent BMW models give you adequate warning that battery is going bad by generating unusual codes that don't seem to have any basis, or unusual messages showing up on the display.
If you have a volt meter or multi-meter, check the battery about an hour after charging. If it reads mid 11 volts, it's time for a new one. Typically, a bad battery will take a charge but can't hold it. Modern battery chargers and tenders can also show battery health.
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